《儒林外史》的末世情怀与自况情结

作为一个落魄的世家子弟,吴敬梓在《儒林外史》流露出浓重的末世情怀和自况情结,而贯穿全书的也是作者抑郁的情感基调。由于移情作用,作者描写了各色各类失败的士人,展示了他们的种种美德与恶行,对他们都给予了深深的同情。因此,自胡适、钱玄同、陈独秀、鲁迅以来的反科举说、反封建说,自1949年以来的民族思想说、反儒说、丑史说都有必要加以重新审视。

The Deep Feeling of Ultimate and the Complex of Self-projection in The Scholar

As a scion in time of adversity,Wujing-zi expressed deep feelings towards the end of the world and the reflected the complex of self-projection,and that keynote of depression went through the whole book.Because of empathy,the author described various people who had had failed and reflected their good virtue and evil soul.Above all,the author gave them deep sympathy.So it is necessary to reexamine the theories of the anti-imperial examination,the anti-feudalism since the works published by Hu shi,Qian xuantong,Chen du-xiu and Lu xun and it is also necessary to reexamine the theories of the national feeling,anti-confucianist and scandal history since 1949.