社会学研究与迪尔凯姆《自杀论》的典范意义

在以往对《自杀论》的研究中,学者多从社会学主义方法论视角和实证主义研究方法角度对《自杀论》进行分析。这些方面固然是《自杀论》一书的研究重点,但本书的写作模式也是我们不容忽视的。作为社会学历史上第一部以经验资料写成的标准的社会学著作,该书的论述严谨有序,结构清晰规范,在一破一立的过程中得到宗教、政治变革、家庭和社会团体等社会因素对自杀的影响,这种写作模式绝对可以称为社会学标准模式。

Significance of Durkheim's On Suicide in the Research of Sociology

Scholars have usually analyzed On Suicide in perspectives of sociologic methodology and empirical research methods.Though such aspects are important for the research of the book,its writing mode should not be overlooked.As the first normal sociological book written with empirical materials in the history of sociology,its discussion is in a precise order and its structure is clear with right standard.The influences of religion,political changes,family and social factors on suicide are analyzed by correcting some old ideas and proposing some new views.Absolutely,such a writing mode can be called a standard mode of sociological studies.