女性强制隔离戒毒人员童年期不良经历分析和防治对策研究

国内外研究显示,儿童期不良经历在物质滥用人群中非常普遍,早年创伤经历是多数吸毒者长期吸毒和戒毒后复吸的重要影响因素。文章采用童年期不良经历（ACEs）问卷、自编信息采集表对某戒毒所女性强制隔离戒毒人员的童年期不良经历状况进行调查分析。结果发现,女性强制隔离戒毒人员遭受童年创伤的现象普遍存在,以家庭功能失调、情感忽视和情感虐待为主。同时,女性强制隔离戒毒人员童年期不良经历对其首次吸毒年龄、吸毒年限和文化程度都有显著影响。据此,文章提出以下建议:在女性强制隔离戒毒人员心理矫治工作中要加强从创伤视角去构建该人群的心理矫治体系和工作框架;通过加强创伤心理矫治来提高情绪稳定性、改善心理困境的应对方式;加强社区和谐家庭建设的帮助力度,预防童年期不良经历的发生。

On Female Drug Users' Adverse Childhood Experience and Countermeasures

Substance abusers usually have adverse experiences in childhood. The young-age trauma is an influential factor for most drug users to be addictive or even relapse after treatment. By using the Adverse Childhood Experience (ACEs) questionnaire and self-designed data collection form, the present study investigates and analyzes the adverse childhood experiences of female drug users in a drug rehab center. The study shows that the female drug users were commonly traumatized in childhood, mainly due to dysfunctional family relationships, emotional neglects and emotional abuse. It also shows that these female drug users' traumatic experiences in the young age have a significant impact on the ages of their first drug use, years of addiction, and levels of education. The study suggests that we should put more effort to create a trauma-based psychological treatment system and correction framework when doing psychotherapy in the female rehabilitation center, so as to enhance their emotional stability and improve the way of coping with psychological distress. Meanwhile, we should help to create a harmonious community and family life to prevent the adverse childhood experiences from happening.