市场化进程中的地方政府角色及其行为逻辑——基于地方政府自主性的视角

在市场化进程中,地方政府的角色行为模式之所以呈现出相当大的个性化差异,并给地方工业化、市场化的路径选择带来深刻的影响,关键在于随着制度环境的深刻变迁,拥有相对独立利益结构的地方政府通过各种行政博弈,在中央下放的自主权基础上获得了一个具有扩张性的自主性空间.地方政府自主性的扩张,意味着地方政府实际权限、职责及行为边界的弹性化和模糊化,意味着地方政府角色行为潜在多元化的可能性,它使得地方政府在市场化进程中的角色呈现出深刻的内在矛盾,地方政府既可能基于其相对超前的市场经济认知信念或理性选择的行为逻辑,成为区域市场体系的培育者和引导者,也可能因为受制于对政治风险的顾虑或实现短期政绩最大化的追求,成为区域市场体系发育的阻碍力量.

The Role of Local Government and Its Action Logic in the Process of Marketization: A Perspective on the Discretion of Local Government's Action

Since the reform and opening-up,the profound evolution of social systems have not only built up powerful internal incentives for the expansion of the discretion of local government action,but also provided it with a very flexible space for possible expansion.Discretion of Local Government's Action means the possibility to realize the administrative objects according to the purpose of the local government,which possesses a relative independent beneficial structure,gets rid of the control of the superior government and local social powers possessing various administrative influences,and thereof the action logic reflected,which is different from the superior government and public desires.The expansion of Discretion of Local Government's Action refers to the boundary of power,responsibility and action of the local government and indicating the possibility of the potential diversification of the role action of the local government.With the expansion of Discretion of Local Government's Action,the uncertainty of the action performance of the local government and of the choice of courses of the development of regional market system and its performance has logically taken place.In other words,the local government can not only creatively make use of the policy opportunities to actively promote the development of the regional market system through the expansion of its discretion of action,but also make the farthest use of the local resources to realize the maximization of the achievements through the expansion of discretion of action and become the counteracting power for the development of the regional market system.The increasing expansion of the discretion of action of the local government shows that the action of the local government not only loses the effective monitoring and restriction of the central government to a certain extent,but is also unable to form an effective restriction system within the framework of the local politics and administrative system.The action of the local government has been,to a large extent,in a situation away from regulation.Therefore,it has been the important realistic problem of China's reform in political and administrative systems to establish complete law-oriented and standardized division system of governmental responsibilities and authorities,to farthest reduce systematic spaces of gambling relation between the governments,and to actively promote the political power division reform and establish the lateral power check-and-balance system both inside and outside the party system on each public authority level so as to finally establish an effective control system of Discretion of Local Government's Action.