梁启超流亡日本时期的办报活动及其新闻思想

梁启超流亡日本期间,先后创办了《清议报》、《新民丛报》、《新小说报》等,将宣传变法的阵地由国内移到了日本,产生了重大的政治影响。梁启超办报以“广开民智”、救国报国为宗旨,提出了“思想新而正”、“材料富而当”、“报事确而速”以及经济上独立等基本原则。他把报刊当作维新派的阵地,鼓动“兴师讨贼”,传播西方新思想,主张报刊应发挥“监督政府”和“响导国民”的作用。梁启超的新闻思想不仅具有一定的反封建进步意义,而且也是新闻报刊史上的宝贵财富。

Liang Qichao's Exile in Japan: His Establishing Newspapers and Periodicals and His Idea of the Press

During his exile in Japan, Liang Qichao established the presses such as Qing Yi Bao (The Scholar's Criticism, a periodical appeared once every ten days), Xin Min Cong Bao(Xinmin News, a collection of news, semimonthly), Xin Xiao Shuo Bao (New Stories, magazine, monthly, then at irregular intervals) and others, which opened a new front for promoting China's reform in Japan and had vital political influences. His aims for establishing newspapers and periodicals are "Guang Kai Min Zhi" (enlightening people), and saving and serving the country. He set up the basic principles such as "Si Xiang Xin Er Zheng" (being new and proper in idea), "Cai Liao Fu Er Dang" (being rich and suitable in material), "Bao Shi Que Er Su" (being accurate and quick in report) and independence economically. He took the press as a reformers' front for promoting "Xing Shi Tao Zei" (mobilizing people to fight against the enemy), spreading Western new ideas. He insisted on that the press should have the functions of "Jian Du Zheng Fu" (supervision of the government) and "Xiang Dao Quo Min"(guiding people). His idea of the press is not only progressive in terms of anti-feudalism but also an asset in the history of Chinese media.