清代煮赈略述

清代是中国古代荒政发展的鼎盛阶段，救荒措施集历代之大成，最为完备。煮赈是荒政救助措施之一种，清代的煮赈分为官赈、民赈、官督绅赈三种形式。官赈粥厂又分为常设粥厂和应急粥厂。施粥主要用来弥补其他赈济之不足，尤其是在未赈之先与大赈之后殊为重要，可以说煮赈是花最小的代价达到最大赈济效果的救济方法，也是赈济措施中不可或缺的一个手段，故而有其独特价值。

A Brief Account of Government Relief of Cooking Porridges in the Qing Dynasty

The Qing dynasty is a period of great prosperity of government relief in ancient China. Compared with other dynasties, it is perfect in terms of measures of government relief. Cooking porridges is one of the measures of government relief. It had three forms： government relief, civil relief and gentry relief under the supervision of government. Porridge cooking house of government relief had two categories： standing cooking house and temporary cooking house. Offering porridges is a supplement to other forms of relief, it is especially important in pre-relief and pest-relief period. We can safely say cooking porridges was a way of relief which costs less but with great benefit. It was also an indispensable means of relief and therefore was of great value.