辩证法思维方式探源

辩证法是当前哲学界普遍关注的重要领域。其实辩证法这个词来源于希腊文 ,是指一种运用语言艺术的技巧和活动 ,也就是一种语言表达方式。在经苏格拉底、柏拉图、赫拉克利特以及亚里士多德等哲学家发展以后 ,辩证法内涵发生了相应的变化 ,表明了人类由表象思维走向抽象思维 ,构成了以后哲学家们自觉的思维方式 ,并由康德、黑格尔、马克思、列宁等人推向了极至。因此 ,辩证法从本源上讲就是概念的辩证法。辩证法必定是“肯定的”、“批判的”、“革命的”。从本质上讲 ,它源于“理论思维的不自觉的无条件的前提” ,也是人类思维的本性 ,它源于人类的认识史的总结和结论。

The Source Tracing of the Thinking Methods in Dialectics

As an important study field in philosophy, dialectics has become the current common concern. The special term"dialectics"originates from Greek, meaning a kind of skill and activity of the artistic language use, that is, a kind of language expression. After being developed by philosophers such as Socrates, Plato, Heraclitus and Aristotle, the connotation of dialectics changed correspondingly, showing human changed from representationism to abstract thinking and finally constructed the conscious thinking of later philosophers. Dialectics was finaly pushed towards its climax by Kant, Hegal, Marx and Lenin. Thus, dialectics originally is dialectics of concepts, and is bound to"affirm", "criticize"and"revolt". In essence, dialectics is originated from the unconditional presupposition of consciously theoretical thinking, hence the essence of human thinking, which is also originated from the conclusion and summary of recognition in human history.