国有企业经营者选拔中的难题及解决思路

民营企业的创业过程与企业家形成过程是统一的,而国有企业往往是先有企业后有经营者的。从理论和实践上看,国有企业经营者选拔中存在诸多难题,它体现在风险承担的不对称、信息缺陷严重、选拔标准在实践中扭曲、经营者身份的准官员化、能力信号显示与专用性知识投资之间的突出矛盾上。如果不能很好地解决这些问题,任何意义上的国有企业改革都不可能取得实效。为此,要通过对国企准确定位,区分不同类型的经营者,政府主动"淡出"选拔过程与相机干预相结合,发挥机构投资者的作用及发展完善的经理市场来加以优化。

Problems and Solving Means of Selection of State-owned Enterprise''''s Operators

For private company, the process of carving out is also the process of forming entrepreneur. For the state-owned enterprises, there is always a company which comes before a operator's initiative action. From the view of theory and practice, there are many problems in the selecting of state-owned enterprise's operator, which lies in asymmetry of risk, severe limitation of information, distortion of selection criterion in practice, being sub-officer of operator's status, conflicts between the signaling of ability and investment in special knowledge. If these problems cannot be solved successfully, and form of reform will be useless. To solve these problems, which need precise orientation of state-owned enterprises, distinguish of different kinds of operators, active exit from selection with intervening timely, exert the function of institutional investment, and boost manager market.