诺贝尔奖关注的文学母题:流亡与回乡

流亡与回乡是近年来诺贝尔奖关注的一个文学母题 ,除去文学的内部因素之外 ,它与 2 0世纪中前期世界性的战争灾难和中后期的政治局势有着密切的关系。流亡是一种与个体或群体现存处境相分离的生活形式、话语形式和精神状态。首先是与生存地域相隔离 ;随之是与精神地域相隔离。流亡的形式可以概括为个人的流亡 ,如高行健 ;民族的流亡 ,如凯尔泰斯 ;殖民主义历史背景下被奴役者的流亡 ,如奈保尔 ;殖民者的流亡 ,如J·M·库切

Nobel Prize''''s Attention to the Theme of Literature: Exile and Return

Exile and return has been the theme of literature to the Nobel Prize in recent years. It is not only because of the literary internal factor, but also has a close relation between the global disaster of the war in the early 20th century and the situation of politics in the late 20th century. Exile is a kind of condition of life,discourse and spirit in which individuals or groups are being seperated with the existing circumastences.The forms of exile may be summarized as follows personal exile such as Gao Xing-jian,national exile such as Imre Kertesz, enslaved exile such as V.S.Naipaul, and colonialist’s exile such as J.M.Coetzee.