关于马克思实践本体论的再思考

实践是社会与自然相互作用、相互制约、相互渗透的中介 ,是人类世界得以存在和发展的根据和基础。马克思确认实践是人类世界的本体 ,同时确认实践是人的生存的本体。马克思的实践本体论即生存论的本体论 ,把人的存在本身作为追求的目标 ,开辟了一条从本体论认识现实的道路。斯大林把马克思哲学归结为自然本体论 ,遮蔽了实践的本体论意义和人的主体性。卢卡奇恢复了历史唯物主义面貌 ,但把自然本体论作为社会存在本体论的前提和基础。 2 0世纪的历史运动凸现了实践本体论的内在价值和马克思哲学的现代性及当代意义。

A Re-thinking of Marxist Ontology of Praxis

Praxis is the medium for mutual function,mutual r es triction and mutual infiltration between society and nature,and is the grounds and foundation for existence and development of human world. Marx confirmed prax is as the ontology of human world,and that of human existence as well. Marxist ontology of praxis is the one of the theory of existence,which takes the human existence itself as the target,thus opened a way to know the reality from ontol ogical view. Stalin summed up that Marxist philosophy was a natural ontology,which screened the ontological meaning of praxis and the subjectivity of human being. Lukacs re sumed historical materialism,but he took natural ontology as the premise and th e foundation for the ontology of social existence. The historical movement of 20 th century expressed the inner value of the ontology of praxis and the modernity and contemporary significance of Marxist philosophy.