论沈从文的民族志书写

沈从文文学创作和文化书写活动的文本包括两个方面，一是表达文化思考的文学文本，二是用文学手段写成的文化文本，即民族志文本；二者共同指向对湘西及现代都市的文化思考，两类文本都具有比较鲜明的民族志特征。沈从文民族志书写特征的形成原因在于其在跨文化生活经历中形成的相对主义文化思想以及与文化的内外部视域的结合，这是沈从文在表达活动中自觉地进行文体实验的必然结果。沈从文文学创作中的民族志特征与民族志写作中的诗学特征的结合是沈从文文化思想、审美思想与艺术思想及其表达在中国现代独立特行的重要原因。

On Shen Congwen's Ethnographical Writing

Shen Congwen’s texts embody two aspects in literature and cultural writings:One was literal texts that expressed his cultural thinking,and the other was ethnographic text written with literary tools.Both of them pointed to the perception towards Xiangxi and its modern urban culture.Two types of text had distinctive ethnographic characteristics.The causes of characteristics of Shen Congwen’s ethnographical writing lied in a combination of internal and external sight in the life experiences which led to his cross-cultural relativism.This was also the inevitable result of Shen Congwen’s stylistic experiments for expressions.The combination between Shen Congwen’s literature creation with the characteristic of ethnographical writing and the characteristic of poetics was the important reason that Shen Congwen’s cultural thought,aesthetic thought,artistic thought and expression were so independent and special in modern Chinese.