概念、测量与机制：服务型领导研究述评

21世纪，企业的内部环境和外部环境发生着前所未有的变化，给企业领导与管理带来巨大挑战。其中，企业员工的工作需求逐渐从传统的解决温饱发展为渴望得到领导关注、尊重，传统的领导方式已经难以满足现代组织及员工的需求，服务型领导应运而生。服务型领导可以定义为：领导者秉持服务精神，通过体贴入微的服务行为，构建信任关系，促进团队成员成长、实现愿景的过程。但我国学者的相关研究还处于起步阶段。对服务型领导的早期文献进行梳理和归纳，评价现状并辨析缺失，以促进服务型领导的中国研究和本土应用。建议服务型领导的相关理论研究，包括测量工具、前因变量、结果变量、作用机制的探索和检验基于上述概念展开。

Concept, Measurement, and Mechanisms: A Review of Servant Leadership Research

In the 21st century, unprecedented changes are happening in the internal environment of enterprises and the external world, posing immense challenges to enterprise leadership and management. Among them, the work needs of enterprise employees gradually develop from the traditional needs of food and clothing to the desire to get the attention and respect of the leadership. Therefore, traditional leadership styles have become inadequate to meet the needs of modern organizations and employees, giving rise to servant leadership. Servant leadership can be defined as leaders holding a service-oriented spirit, building trust relationships through considerate service behaviors, promoting the growth of team members, and achieving the vision. However, relevant research by Chinese scholars is still in its early stages. This paper reviews and summarizes early literature on servant leadership, evaluates the current situation, and identifies gaps, aiming to promote the study and local application of servant leadership in China. It is suggested that theoretical research on servant leadership, including the exploration and testing of measurement tools, antecedent variables, outcome variables, and mechanisms, should be based on the above concept.