《助语辞》的语法价值

《助语辞》①是我国第一部专释虚字的专著。它虽是一部训诂著作,但总结了汉代以来训诂学家对虚字的研究成果,触及到了某些语法问题。本文认为,作者卢以纬已有了初步的比较语法学思想并将其运用于自己的训诂实践,取得了一定的成就;重视对多音节虚字的阐释是其一大特色;对句子或句间的语义结构关系也有所阐发;尤其是他对于虚字辞气的审定,则直接影响了后世,特别是《马氏文通》的辞气理论。

A study of the grammatical values of Functional Words

Functional Words is the first book written so far which specializes in studying functional words. Although it basically features exegesis, it summarizes all the research in exegesis since the Han Dynasty and abounds in grammatical issues. It is believed that the author of the book expressed considerable awareness of comparative grammar, which can be identified in his successful practice of exegesis. With the explanation of the multi-syllable functional words being its most obvious characteristic, the author also explored sentential and inter-sentential semantic structural relations. His defining of the functions of functional words produced great influence on the later works, in particular, the theories on functions of functional words in Mashi Handbook of Grammar.