萨特:前进-逆溯的方法--《辩证理性批判》解读

作为存在主义的马克思主义者萨特写下的《辩证理性批判》,其中在方法论上最出名的要算他所提出的"前进—逆溯"方法。该部著作向我们明确指出了前进—逆溯逻辑的辩证人学背景———承认历史唯物主义的宏大社会叙事("积分")的合理性,但更强调以个人生存实践为历史建构原动的微观机制("微分"),这正是他所谓"结构的历史的人学"之内在方法论构架。

Sartre: method of progress - regress: an interpretation of Critique of Dialectical Reason

The method of progress-regress, prominent in the methodology, is proposed in Critique of Dialectical Reason which was written by Sartre as an existentialist Marxist. With an definite determination of the dialectical humanist background of the progress-regress logic, the book argues for the rationality of macro-social narration (integral) of historical materialism, but it even emphasizes a great deal the micro mechanism (differential) regarding personal existential practice as the original motivation of historical constitution, which is the internal methodological gestalt of his so-called "structural historical humanism".