景观学:“3A”的哲学观

景观学作为一门新兴的交叉学科,一直致力于协调社会经济发展和自然环境之间的关系,从其发展历程来看,始终与3A即农学(Agriculture)、建筑学(Architecture)和艺术学(Arts)存在着千丝万缕的联系。鉴于当代景观学体系不清、内涵含混,景观行业内呈现出的无序性现状,本文针对三大主干学科自身独立的性质、发展流变以及彼此之间的关系纽带,提出了"3A哲学"指导下的农学、建筑学和艺术学三位一体的景观学哲学思想。先后阐述了"3A哲学观"的形成与历史回顾,以及实践意义上的理论根基之建构、景观学工程领域之实践、景观学教育体系之构想。同时指出,景观学的发展过程正是"3A"不断融合,从而形成崭新的景观哲学观的过程,当代景观学的发展更需要这三者的共同驱动,"3A哲学观"因而可以作为景观评价标准的一种选择思路。

A philosophical study of the 3A's of landscapology

Landscapology,as an emerging interdisciplinary science,is the study of the harmonious relationship between the economic growth and natural environment.Historically,it has been closely related to the 3A’s,i.e.agriculture,architecture and arts.In view of its chaotic development due to the blurred distinction between concepts and schools of thought,this paper examines the nature and history of the 3A’s and the relationship between them,and then proposes a three-in-one philosophy of landscapology.It points out that the development of landscapology itself is exactly the process where the 3A’s merge into a new philosophy of landscapology.Jointly driven by the 3A’s,3A’s philosophy can be considered an alternative for landscape evaluation.