论德国宪法学中的“客观价值秩序”

“客观价值秩序”理论是德国当代宪法学的重要组成部分。该理论以德国基本法中“人性尊严”和“自由民主基本秩序”原则为基础，拓展了基本权利的功能；同时将人民主权等原则转化为国家机构的具体义务；并且将宪法基本权利和国家机构有机联系起来。该理论是战后德国宪法学在价值领域的重要理论：同时也在方法论上受到批评。“客观价值秩序”理论既要防范国家公权力过度侵入私领域，同时又促使国家履行其作为义务。

The "Objective Value Order" in German Constitutional Theories

The theory of ＂objective value order＂is an important part of contemporary German constitutional jurisprudence. This theory is based on the principles of ＂human dignity＂ and ＂basic order of liberal democracy＂ in German Basic Law. It enlarges the basic rights＇ function, and transforms the abstract principles such as people＇s sovereignty to the material duties of national machinery, and then it connects constitutional basic rights and national machinery. Influenced by German traditional jurisprudence, this theory is an important one in scopes of constitutional value. Meanwhile, it is criticized from philosophical, methodological and doctrinal aspects. This theory keeps private domain away from the inbreak of national＇s power, and urges national＇s oower to carry out its duties as well.