人口增长压力下的环境治理途径分析与启示

不断增长的人口压力和对环境资源的不合理利用已经严重影响了生态环境的可持续性,因此,必须选择科学有效的环境治理途径来解决这一问题。环境治理按照不同的治理思路可以分为“法律管制型”、“经济激励型”和“公众参与型”三种途径,三者各有利弊。结合人口增长压力趋强这一基本国情,我们认为,在逐渐明晰环境产权制度和完善环境市场监督机制的基础上,强调公众参与的环境治理思路是我国环境治理的根本途径和战略目标。

Enlightenment and Analysis on the Approaches of Environment Management under the Pressure of Population Growth

The sustainability of ecological environment has already seriously been frightened by increasing pressure of population growth and unreasonable exploitation of environment resources.Therefore,scientific and effective approaches of environment management should be sought to deal with this problem.In terms of governance thought,they can be divided into three categories with their own advantages and disadvantages,followed as the approaches of legal regulation,economic motivation and public participation.In consideration with the basic national condition of the pressure of population growth,we insist that public participation,on the basis of transparent environment property rights system and well-performed environment supervising mechanism,is of the fundamental approach and strategic goal of environment management.