1978—2007年中国城乡收入差距的变迁及影响因素分析

改革开放以来,随着中国经济的高速增长,城乡收入差距已引起广泛关注。1978—2007年的30年间城乡收入差距在不断波动中呈上升趋势,城乡收入差距对全国收入差距的贡献率这一指标表明,城乡收入差距已成为中国目前最重要的收入差距。造成及影响中国城乡收入差距的因素是多方面的,如典型的城乡二元经济结构、第一产业收入增长受到多种因素的制约、保证农村居民收入增长的农业政策供给稀缺、城乡人力资本存量存在差距等。

Analysis of the Change and Influential Factors of Income Gap between Urban and Rural Residents in China from 1978 to 2007

Since the reform and opening up,with China＇s rapid economic growth,the issue of disparity in income between rural and urban residents in China is a hot topic.Although constantly fluctuation,the trend of income gap between urban and rural residents is rising from 1978 to 2007.By the contribution of urban-rural income gap for the overall income inequality in China,it shows the urban-rural income gap is the most important of income gap in China. There are important reasons,such as the typical urban-rural dual economic structure,the growth of agriculture earnings restricted by many kinds of factors,the government＇s policy and human capital gap,etc.