美国中心城市的"隔都化"与黑人社会问题

20世纪美国人口郊区化的运动一直没有间断,人口、工业和商业活动均向中心城市周边地区扩散,郊区成为白人中产阶级占主导地位的经济富裕地区。与此同时,黑人及其他贫困人口却不断涌入中心城市,中心城市逐渐沦为人口拥挤、房屋破败、经济萧条的黑人聚居区——“隔都区”(ghetto)。中心城市隔都化(ghettoization)带来大量的社会问题:底层阶级成为居民主体,贫困率上升,福利依赖增大,家庭破裂高比率,暴力犯罪上升,婴儿死亡率增高,教育质量下降等。这一切都凸显了美国黑人在经济、政治和文化上不平等地位将长期存在,也表明种族分离对美国的影响还将继续下去。

The Ghettoization of American Central Cities and Afro-American Social Problems

The suburbanization of American population has kept going on through the 20th century.Population,industrial and business activities have expanded to the periphery of the cities.Suburbs have become prosperous areas in which white middle class have become an overwhelm majority.Meanwhile,Afro-Americans and other poor people have come constantly to central cities.The central cities have gradually been getting crowded and become dilapidated and depressing AfroAmerican ghettos.The ghettoization of central cities have brought about a vast amount of social problems.The lower class has become the main body of residents and the rate of poverty is on the rise.The reliance on welfare has been growing with each passing day and the rate of family breakup and infant death has kept rising dramatically.Violent crimes are increasing steadily and the quality of education has been declining.All of these fully prove that Afro-Americans and whites are not equal on economical,political,and cultural status.And they indicate ethnic separation will keep on having a great influence on American society.