我国美育政策工具的使用及改进策略--基于政策文本的分析

改革开放以来,我国美育政策体系建设取得了长足进步。作为达成政策目标的手段,美育政策工具对促进美育政策体系建设和美育功能的实现有着重要的作用。我国美育政策体系建设坚持从目标设定、任务规划、管理保障等方面不断进行调整、完善,不断适应教育改革与发展需求。但不可否认,我国美育政策工具的使用仍存在不足,有待进一步改进和完善。借助罗斯威尔和赛格菲尔德的政策工具分类理论,通过构建美育政策文本内容和政策工具类型的二维分析框架,对改革开放以来我国美育政策工具的使用情况进行全面系统的分析研究。研究发现,美育政策工具的使用呈现出三个明显的特征:供给型政策工具的使用较少;环境型工具的使用所产生的影响显著;需求型工具的使用明显不足。为增强政策工具效用、促进美育政策体系的完善,我国美育政策体系建设应进一步改进政策工具的使用,需要注重三个方面:补足美育政策工具短板,发挥政策工具使用的组合优势;细化美育政策实施标准,提升政策工具使用的精准度;建立和完善美育政策补充调整机制,增强政策工具使用的灵活性。

Use and Improvement Strategies of Aesthetic Education Policy Tools in China:An Analysis Based on the Text of Aesthetic Education Policy

Since the Reform and Opening-up,great progress has been made in the construction of China’s aesthetic education policy system.As a means to achieve policy goals,aesthetic education policy tools play an important role in promoting the construction of the aesthetic education policy system and the realization of the function of aesthetic education.The construction of China’s aesthetic education policy system adheres to the continuous adjustment and improvement in terms of goal setting,task planning and management guarantee,constantly adapting to the needs of education reform and development.However,it is undeniable that there are still deficiencies in the use of aesthetic education policy tools,which needs to be further improved.With the aid of Roswell and Segfield’s classification theory of policy tools,this paperconstructed a two-dimensional analysis framework of the basic contents and types of policy toolsin the aesthetic education policy system,and made a comprehensive and systematic analysis of the use of aesthetic education policy tools in China since the Reform and Opening-up.The study suggests that the use of aesthetic education policy tools presents three obvious characteristics,which are the less use of supply-based policy tools,the significant impact of using environmental tools,and the insufficient use of demand-based tools.In order to enhance the effectiveness of policy tools and promote the further improvement of the aesthetic education policy system,the construction of aesthetic education policy system should focus on three aspects:overcoming the shortcomings of aesthetic education policy tools and highlighting the combined advantages of the use of policy tools;refining the implementation standards of aesthetic education policies and improve the accuracy of policy tools;and building a supplementary adjustment mechanism for aesthetic education policies to enhance the flexibility of using policy tools.