历世嘉木样家族考略

在政教合一制的藏族地区,政教领袖型的寺主活佛及其家族对于其所统领地区的社会历史产生较大影响。本文依据藏汉文史料,就安多地区历史上具有很高宗教地位和声望的拉卜楞寺寺主历世嘉木样活佛的出生原籍、家族背景、家庭成员及其生平事迹等进行了系统梳理,并将此作为藏传佛教活佛转世制度研究的辅助内容。文章最后总结:嘉木样活佛多数出自土官头人家族;嘉木样家族中多出转世活佛;嘉木样家族多与地方上层势力结亲联姻;嘉木样家族僧俗广泛参与寺院及地方的政教管理事务。

Brief Studies on the Family Jiamuyang over the Generations

In Tibetan areas where politics and religion are combined,the living Buddha of the temple master as the politics and religion leader with his family exerts great influence on the society and history of the reigned area.Based on Tibetan and Han historical materials,this article collates the origin,family background,family members and the biographical deeds of Jiamuyang living Buddha,the temple master of Temple Laboleng,which has high religious position and enjoys great fame in Anduo Area in history.The author also takes this as the auxiliary content for studies of the living Buddha reincarnation system of Tibetan Buddhism.In the end,the article summarizes:Jiamuyang living Buddhas mainly come from leader families of native officials;there are many living Buddhas in Jiamuyang family;Jiamuyang family often make marriages with the native upper force;monks of Jiamuyang family widely participate the temple and native affairs of politics and religion.