农村社区为主体的耕地资源可持续管理探索

由于耕地资源的产权特征与地方知识库的影响，与外部管制主体相比，农村社区管理耕地资源更能促进本地耕地资源系统的可持续发展。但耕地资源可持续管理农村社区行动的实现需要多重条件配合，并非所有的农村社区都能达成有利于耕地资源系统的集体行动。只有当农村社区有社区精英的引领、高水平的人际信任或社会资本，有足够的建立、监督和执行规则的决策自治权，并能整合耕地资源保护与农村社区发展双重目标，具备精准惩罚某些耕地资源使用者投机行为的能力时，基于农村社区的耕地资源可持续管理才能实现。

The Shaping,Evaluation and Optimization of the Training Pattern of "Four-In-One Certificates" for Clinical Professional Masters

Due to the property right characteristics of cultivated land resources and the influence of local knowledge base,compared with external regulatory subjects,rural community management of cultivated land resources is more likely to promote the sustainable development of local cultivated land resources system.However,therealization of rural community action in sustainable management of cultivated land resources needs the cooperation of multiple conditions,and not all rural communities can reach collective actions conducive to the system of cultivated land resources.Only when the rural community has the guidance of the community elite,a high level of interpersonal trust or social capital,sufficient decision-making autonomy to establish,supervise and implement rules,and integrate the dual goals of cultivated land resources protection and community development,and only when it has the ability to accurately punish the speculative behavior of some users of cultivated land resources,can the rural community-based sustainable management of cultivated land resources be realized.