自治与县辖的“马拉松之争”——1942-1954年裕固族地区行政改制研究

祁连山北麓裕固族地区由军事管辖转为行政管辖,由部落制改为县乡制,跨越两个时代、费时12年(1942-1954)才最后完成,可谓一场旷日持久的"马拉松改制"。围绕裕固族地区由谁管辖这一主题,裕、汉两族及张掖、高台、临泽三县反复争持,致使改制方案一改再改,久拖不决。究其原因,裕固族地区和河西各县分区对应的地缘关系、省府及专署不重权威的朝令夕改皆有其责,但主要原因是既定的县辖方案无法满足裕固族团结自治的特殊要求,致使任何一种县辖方案都缺乏稳定性。1954年,在党的民族区域自治政策的指引下,通过正确区分裕、汉两类意见的不同及其主次关系,落实裕固族的自治权利,建立自治县,才彻底解决了这一历史难题。

Autonomy or County-Controlled:A Long Term Administrative Reform of the Yugurs Areas from 1942-1954

It is a long tern that the Yugurs area of north of the Qilian Mountain was transformed from military governing into administrative governing,as their organization from tribes into county and township.The reform crossed two eras from 1942-1945.The Hans and Yugur,as well as three counties the Zhangye,Gaotai,and Linze,struggled for the administration of the area.So the reform plan changed over and over and dragged on.The complex relationships between the counties and the area and the changeable policies of upp...