教育帮扶的作用机理、实现路径与未来接续——基于W市对口教育帮扶的分析

治贫要先治愚，扶贫必先扶志，作为“五个一批”措施之一的教育帮扶在脱贫攻坚中意义重大。贫困人群持续贫困的根本原因在于发展能力和内生动力的不足，教育帮扶有助于贫困人群习得生存和发展技能、缓解和消除文化贫困，并阻断贫困的代际传递，实现培育贫困人群可行能力的目标，与反贫困的终极价值相契合。由此，一些对口帮扶单位依凭自身的教育资源优势，通过开展各种能力提升培训、送教下乡、共建乡村文化和关注贫困人群子女教育等措施，以期实现智志双扶。但对口单位的教育帮扶作为统一规划的国家干预，必须实现长期化、精细化和在地治理，方能把由外而内的帮扶外力转化为由内而外的脱贫动力，最终以人的发展实现彻底脱贫。

Functional Mechanisms, Realization Approaches and Future Connection of Education Support: The Case of the Counterpart Education Support in W City

Poverty eradication relies on education and on ambitions. As one of the five measures in poverty eradication (a policy of poverty eradication through production, relocation, eco compensation, education and social security), education support plays a significant role in poverty eradication. The root of poverty persistence is a lack of development ability and endogenous power. Education support is conducive for poor people to acquire survival and development skills, alleviate and eradicate poverty, avoid the inter-generational poverty and realize the goal of developing survival capacities for the poor, which is in line with the ultimate goal of poverty eradication. Thus, some counterpart units take full advantage of their own educational resources to implement a series of measures, such as competence training, sending teachers to the countryside, joint development of village culture and focus on children''s education in the above-mentioned two aspects. However, as a program of state intervention, the counterpart education support should be a long-term, refined and localized project according to the actual situation. Only in this way can such assistance transform the external support to the internal motivation of the poverty-stricken people whose quality improvement is the guarantee of poverty eradication.