苏丹贝贾部落的历史演变与现状困境

贝贾部落的历史可追溯至4000年前,他们以畜牧业为主,生活在苏丹东部地区,其身份标识是托贝达维语、迪瓦卜体系与斯里夫制度。苏丹在土埃共管、英埃共管以及独立之后等历史时期,不同的统治者们给贝贾部落造成土地流失、赋税压榨、传统式微等多种消极影响。2006年《苏丹东部和平协定》签订后,占东部地区人口半数的贝贾部落处于新的困境当中,由此产生了潜在的分裂意识。当今贝贾部落及苏丹东部的隐性问题,其原因是各时代的历史痼疾积累与边缘化政策延续的结果。

Historical Evolution of the Beja Tribes in Sudan and Their Current Dilemma

The history of the Beja tribes can be traced back to 4000 years ago,who have lived mainly on animal husbandry in eastern Sudan.Their tribal identity involves TuBedawiye language,Diwab system and Silifregim.In different historical periods of Sudan,such as the period of co-management by Turkey and Egypt,the period of co-management by Britain and Egypt,and the post independence period,different rulers have caused many negative effects on the Beja tribes,such as land loss,heavy taxation,and traditional decay.After the“Eastern Sudan Peace Agreement”was concluded in 2006,the Beja tribes,accounting for half of the local population in eastern Sudan,are caught in a new dilemma,hence giving rise to potential secession consciousness.The hidden problems of the Beja tribes and eastern Sudan today have resulted from the accumulation of ills in different periods and the persistent marginalization policies.