“大学精神”的理性反思与大学教育目的的深度澄明——从现代性社会与现代公民的德性人格生成的角度

教育目的是一个国家教育的总目标,是一个国家的教育活动在实现各种具体教育目标时的终极性追求,它同时也是一种教育模式最基本的价值取向,是教育活动中的“哲学”,它体现着教育的理性。现代性社会需要具备公共性精神与优良人格品位的人,只有以此为基础,才能建立起现代性文明、健康、公正和合理的公民社会。但从中国目前的大学教育制度安排与教育实践来看,与这种要求显然存在较大差距。现代大学教育本质上是一种社会化了的公民教育,即“公众教育”,是指全社会都参与到新的理性与人文精神的学习、传播、创新和实践中来,其核心是对大学生的“公民意识”和“公民精神”的教育,使其具有公民的人格意识、责任意识、权利意识、义务意识、纳税人意识、规则意识,等等。

Rational Reflections on College Spirit and Purpose of College Education——From the Perspective of Modem Society and Development of Modem Citizens' Character

The purpose of education,the ultimate pursuit of a country in all educational activities as well as the basic values of education patterns,is the philosophy in educational activities which reflects rationality of education.Modern society requires men of noble character which is essential to establishing a civilized,healthy,just,and sensible citizen society.Compared with this standard,the current college educational system and practice in China has still a long way to go.Modern college education is essentially a socialized public education which involves participation of all citizens in studying,spreading,and practicing the brand-new rational and humane spirit.Education on college students' citizen awareness and spirits helps develop their character awareness,responsibility awareness,right awareness,duty awareness,tax payment awareness,and principle awareness.