20世纪以来鞭炮年俗的城市命运透视

鞭炮作为春节的文化符号已经延续了过千年,承担起了不可替代的民俗使命,承载着人们的寄托和感情,是一项百姓非常喜爱的年节习俗。鞭炮年俗共经历了三次沉浮起落,第一次是民国初年,由于国家政权变化交替,社会秩序的嘈杂无序;第二次是“九?一八”之后,国家面临厄运之际;第三次是在中国改革开放之后,经济的迅速发展,城市化进程的加快,城市人口密度的增加,由于环境的改变,燃放鞭炮造成了火灾、环境污染、人员伤亡等现实社会问题。通过梳理,可以清楚地看到社会经济基础和上层建筑的变化会直接影响民俗活动的变化,也可以看到民俗本身所具有的强大惯性。对于民俗活动,我们不能简单地加以干预,必须尊重民俗应有的规律,适当调控,顺应民俗发展的历史,实现民俗的繁荣。

A Deep Probe into the Fate of Firecracker Customs on the Spring Festival in City since 20th Century

Lighting firecrackers on the Spring Festival is one of the most favorite folks for Chinese which has lasted for more than a thousand years in China.There have been three big falls regarding lighting firecrackers on the Spring Festival in China: the first one had taken place in 1910s because of the unstable society resulted from the Revolution in1911;the second one had happened since 1931 because of Japanese invasion into North-East China;and the third one has been since 1990s because of policy prohibition.With the development of economy and urbanization,lighting firecrackers in city has produced many problems such as fire hazard,environmental pollution and man's injury,which is.the cause of the fall since 1990s.However,since lighting firecrackers on the Spring Festival undertakes the non-fungible task to inhere Chinese folklores and express Chinese peoples' emotion,it should not be simply prohibited but should be rationally promoted.