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How outstanding leaders lead with affect: An examination of charismatic,ideological, and pragmatic leaders
Affiliation:1. Alfred University, USA;2. University of Oklahoma, USA;3. Central Washington University, USA;1. Faculty of Business and Communication, Universitat de Vic, Sagrada Família, 7, 08500 Vic, Spain;2. School of Business, The George Washington University, 2201 G Street, NW, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA;1. Griffith Business School, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia;2. The University of Liverpool Management School, Chatham Street, L69 7ZH Liverpool, UK;1. Department of Psychology, University of Oklahoma, 455 West Lindsey St., Norman, OK 73019, USA;2. Department of Management, Belk College of Business, University of North Carolina, Charlotte, USA;1. Center for Leadership Studies and School of Management, Binghamton University, State University of New York, PO Box 6000, Binghamton, NY 13902-6000, USA;2. Lynchburg College, USA;3. Binghamton University, State University of New York, USA;4. University of Warwick, UK;5. Samsung Card, Republic of Korea
Abstract:Frameworks for understanding outstanding leadership have flourished in the past decade. Research into the charismatic, ideological, and pragmatic (CIP) model of leadership in particular has examined how leaders develop mental models, frame visions, communicate goals, and utilize political tactics to form relationships with followers and impact society in meaningful ways. However, a discussion of how these types of leaders use emotions and influence tactics to influence followers and affect society is notably absent in the literature. To fill this gap, the current effort focuses on how charismatic, ideological, and pragmatic leaders differ in their use of emotional displays and influence tactics. Results suggest that the emotional displays and influence tactics that leaders use successfully discriminate between CIP leader types and create expected leader styles. Implications of these findings are also discussed.
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