A selective review of prenatal exercise guidelines since the 1950s until present: Written for women,health care professionals,and female athletes |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Marquette University College of Nursing, Clark Hall, 331, P.O. Box 1881, Milwaukee, WI 53201-1881, United States;2. Aurora Sinai Medical Center, United States;3. Aurora-University of Wisconsin Women''s Health Clinics and Midwifery & Wellness Center, United States;1. Department of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece;2. Faculty of Nursing, University of Athens, Greece;3. Department of Nursing, Alexandreio Technological Educational Institute of Thessaloniki, Greece;1. St. Luke''s International University, 10-1 Akashi-cho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0044, Japan;2. St. Luke''s Birth Clinic, 1-24 Akashi-cho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0044, Japan;3. Osaka Medical College, 3-3 hacchonawate-cho, Takatsuki City, Osaka 569-0096, Japan;1. School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Level 9, Health Sciences Building, Herston, Brisbane Q 4029, Australia;2. School of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia;3. Obstetric and Internal Medicine, Royal Brisbane and Women''s Hospital, Herston, Australia;4. School of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Behavioral Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia;1. Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, University Drive, Meadowbrook, QLD 4131, Australia;2. Gold Coast University Hospital, Parklands Drive, Southport, QLD 4215, Australia;1. School of Nursing & Midwifery, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing & Health Sciences, Monash University, Australia;2. Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia;3. General Practice & Primary Health Care Academic Research Institute and School of Population Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundTraditional society values have long-held the notion that the pregnant woman is construed as a risk to her growing fetus and is solely responsible for controlling this risk to ensure a healthy pregnancy. It is hard to ignore the participation of pregnant women in sport and exercise today, especially in high-level sports and popular fitness programs such as CrossFit™. This challenges both traditional and modern prenatal exercise guidelines from health care professionals and governing health agencies. The guidelines and perceived limitations of prenatal exercise have drastically evolved since the 1950s.AimThe goal of this paper is to bring awareness to the idea that much of the information regarding exercise safety during pregnancy is hypersensitive and dated, and the earlier guidelines had no scientific rigor. Research is needed on the upper limits of exercise intensity and exercise frequency, as well as their potential risks (if any) on the woman or fetus.DiscussionPregnant women are physically capable of much more than what was once thought. There is still disagreement about the types of exercise deemed appropriate, the stage at which exercise should begin and cease, the frequency of exercise sessions, as well as the optimal level of intensity during prenatal exercise.ConclusionResearch is needed to determine the upper limits of exercise frequency and intensity for pregnant women who are already trained. Healthy women and female athletes can usually maintain their regular training regime once they become pregnant. |
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| Keywords: | Pregnancy Exercise Sports High intensity training Prenatal care |
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