翻译转喻的理据:从现象到人类认知

转喻机制具有普遍性，也存在于翻译过程中。在回顾前人研究的基础上，对翻译转喻现象进行了基本的分类，并从范畴化和认知语法角度分别对存在于词汇和句子层面的翻译转喻现象进行了分析。翻译转喻涉及音、形、意三个方面，研究发现：1）其主要实现途径包括整体代部分、部分代整体以及部分代部分；2）翻译转喻依托范畴化结构，尤其是当两种文化存在通用图式的情况下，翻译转喻就是对原语范畴之外其他级别范畴或同一级别其他范畴成员的凸显及在译语中的映射；3）增译、减译、转换等技巧是翻译转喻思维的具体方法论，其使用会导致译语概念结构出现不同程度的调整。研究成果对认知语言学、翻译学研究具有一定的启示意义。

Some Evidences for Metonymy of Translation: from Phenomenon to Cognition

Metonymy is such a universal phenomenon that it also exists in translation process.This thesis,based on a review and a primary classification,will analyze phenomenon of metonymy of translation that happen on the lexical and sentential level respectively from the perspective of categorization and Cognitive Grammar.Metonymy of translation concerns three aspects,sound,shape and meaning.The findings are as follows:1) the main ways of realizing metonymy of translation include whole for part,part for whole and part for part;2) metonymy of translation has some basis in categorization structure,and especially when there exists generic schema between two cultures,a category on a different level or an another category member on the same level would be profiled and projected onto the target language;3) translation skills are concrete embodiment of the thinking mode of translating by means of metonymy,which may result in adjustment to different degrees in the conceptual structure of the target language.The research result may enlighten the studies of cognitive linguistics and translatology.