论道家对社会正义的诉求

平等、自由是大多数人所公认的正义原则和人类的普适价值。不少学者认为,中国传统文化中缺乏平等、自由等思想资源,亦未形成西方的自然律等思想。本文认为,道家的“道”就是中国式的自然律;老子“以百姓心为心”等思想表达了以被统治者的意志进行统治的政治自由主张;郭象等“物任其性”、“各得其正”等主张蕴含了个性自由的可贵精华;而“通天下一气”、“齐万物”、“损有余补不足”等思想,则逻辑地通向了政治平等和经济平等的诉求;道家试图通过无为而治实现上述政治主张,这一模式亦与现代宪政精神相通。

On the Taoism's Pursuit of the Social Justice

It is acknowledged that equality and freedom are the principles of justice.Lots of people think Chinese traditional culture lack of these thinking resources and not yet form the law of nature in western thoughts.However,this paper presents some precious ideas: Taoism's Tao just is Chinese natural law;Lao Zsu advocated that the ruler should attach importance to common people's need which expressed the opinion of political freedom to govern a country according to people's will;Guoxiang presented that the development of everything on earth should follow its own character and live in its particular way and also must conform with the natural ways which encompasses free individuality's valuable essence;the ideas everything is equal to each other and To compensate the deficient by reducing the excess puts up a petition about political equality and economic equality;Taoism tries to realize the above politic opinions through action wuwei(inaction,no-action),and such governmental pattern communicates with the spirits of modern law in Constitution.