“问题”理论研究及其未来走向

科学问题的哲学研究属于科学哲学研究的前沿领域.很多科学家和哲学家都把问题视为科学发展的源泉和动力,但传统的科学哲学不太重视关于科学问题本身的研究.这并不意味着传统科学哲学对“问题”避而不谈,相反,在一些著名科学哲学家的理论论述中,常常牵涉对问题的讨论.杜威、波普尔、劳丹、库恩、拉卡托斯等哲学家关于“问题”的论述散见于其著作中,国内学者对“问题”的理论研究也形成一些特色.对“问题”理论进行梳理和述评,展望未来的“问题”理论研究走向,对探索科学哲学理论的新发展,促进“问题学”的研究具有重要意义.

On the theory of "problem" and its future direction

Research on scientific issues belongs to the frontier of science philosophy.Many scientists and philosophers regard the issue as a power source and theoretical development of science, but the traditional philosophy of science places less emphasis on the research of scientific problems itself. This does not mean that traditional philosophy avoids discussion of"problem".On the contrary, in the theoretical discussion, some famous science philosophers'' discussion of the issues is often involved.Dewey, Poper, Laudan, Kuhn, Lakatos and other famous philosophers disscussed the "problem" in their works, some domestic scholars of "problem" theory has been studied and formed some distinctive ideas.It is important to sort out and review their theories about "problem"and prospect the future of the theoretical research on the "problem" for new development of science and philosophy, and promote research of "problem school".