从卡特到克林顿:总统与国会在中国政策上的互动关系

本文主要利用国家中心途径打开美国政府在对华政策过程中的“黑箱”。冷战结束使对华政策共识的基础不复存在,总统和国会处于冲突与合作并存状态。布什总统利用总统的政治优势和政治技能在与国会的冲突中居主导地位,最大限度地遏制了中美关系恶化的趋势;而克林顿总统在第一任内对国会的迁就,导致中美关系出现低谷。借助社会中心途径发现,不同性质的利益集团在不同问题上的力量对比直接影响美国对华政策的结果。这一发现对中国政府具有政策提示作用。

From Carter to Clinton: The Presidential-Congressional Interaction on China Policy

With the state-centered approaches, this article tries to open the "black box" referring to American China policy process. In the post-cold war, since the bipartisan consensus no longer exists there has been serious conflict and some cooperation between the two branches. President Bush exploited skillfully presidential political advantages in fighting with congress and dominated China policy, which checked the deteriorating bilateral relations to largest extent. In his first term, President Clinton made unprincipled concession to Congress that brought to the bilateral relations the deepest valley With the society-centered approaches, this article finds that engagements of different interest groups directly affect the direction of american China policy, which should also attract China's close watch.