刘备"三顾茅庐"原因再认识

公元 2 0 7年 ,47岁的刘备“三顾茅庐”去请比自己年轻二十岁的诸葛亮出山辅佐自己 ,究其不辞劳苦“三顾茅庐”之原因 ,学术界一直普遍认为是刘备慕名而往。笔者认为 ,诸葛亮的才能固然是刘备“三顾茅庐”的原因 ,而更主要的使刘备“三顾茅庐”的原因 ,则是徙居荆州十余年的诸葛亮 ,靠着原来的家族关系和自己杰出的交际才能 ,已经成为荆州地主集团中的重要人物。而客居荆州的刘备要想立足于此地并有所发展 ,就必须求得荆州地主集团的支持。然而 ,当时占据荆州的刘表对刘备是“疑其心、阴御之。”[1](卷三十二 )刘备寄人篱下 ,为了避免刘表生疑 ,他不能够公开直接去求得荆州豪门望族的支持。而客居荆州又与荆州地主集团有密切联系的诸葛亮就成为刘备沟通与荆州地主集团联系的最理想人选 ,故而刘备才有“三顾茅庐”之举。

A Reunderstanding of the Reason Why Liu Bei Made Three Calls at the Thatched Cottage

In A.D.207, Liu Bei who was 47 years old made three calls on Zhu Ge liang who was twenty years younger at the thatched cottage and asked him for help. What was the real reason that made Liu Bei do so with such a great effort? The experts in the academic circles had a general idea that it was out of his admiration for Zhu Ge liang. Maybe Zhu Ge liang's talent attracted Liu Bei to call him, but the author thinks that the more important reason is that Zhu Ge liang, who had been living in Jingzhou for more than ten years, had become an important person in the landlord circle of Jingzhou because of his family connections and his remarkable talent . However, if Liu Bei wanted to gain a place and some development in Jingzhou, he had to gain the support of the landlords first. But at that time LiuBiao who occupied Jingzhou disbelieved Liu Bei. So, in order to avoid being suspected , Liu Bei who was living under Liu Biao's roof could not go directly and publicly to the landlords for their support. Zhu Ge liang who had a close relation with them became the ideal person to collude Liu Bei with the landlords. Therefore, Liu Bei made three calls at the thatched cottage.