产业政策与中国数字经济行业技术创新

本文利用2008-2017年沪深A股中数字经济上市公司的专利及财务数据,分析了政府补贴、税收优惠、信用贷款、行业准入制度四类产业政策对数字经济行业技术创新的影响。估计结果表明, 政府补贴和行业准入制度对数字经济行业专利申请和专利发明的影响显著,税收优惠、信用贷款对数字 经济行业技术创新的影响相对不明显。对数字经济行业细分类别进行稳健性检验结果表明,政府补贴和行业准入制度依然是影响数字经济行业技术创新较为显著的产业政策,产业政策对数字经济行业技术创新的影响存在行业异质性。政府补贴对电信传媒和软件信息行业专利申请和发明的影响更为显著,行业准入制度对软件信息行业的影响更为显著。此外,政府补贴和信用贷款均能通过提高企业研发投入来提升企业创新能力, 行业准入制度和税收优惠均能通过提高企业利润而提升企业创新能力。本文为政府制定数字经济行业技术创新激励政策提供了经验证据,有助于政府制定合理的产业政策促进 数字经济行业技术创新。

Industrial Policy and Technological Innovation of China’s Digital Economy Industries

Based on the patent and financial data of the digital economy companies listed in Shanghai and Shenzhen A Stock from 2008 to 2017, this paper analyzes the influence of industrial policies on technological innovation of digital economy industries in four aspects: government subsidy, tax preference, credit loans and industry access system. The estimation results show that government subsidy and industry access system have a significant impact on patent application and invention in digital economy industries, while tax preference and credit loans have a relatively insignificant impact on technological innovation in digital economy industries. In addition, the results of subdivision and robustness test of digital economy industries show that industry access system and government subsidy are still significant industrial policies that affect digital economy industrial innovation, but have different effects on different types of digital economy industries. Government subsidy is more significant in promoting patent applications and inventions in the telecommunications, media and software information industries, while industry access system is more significant for promoting the software information industry. This paper also finds that government subsidy and credit loans can improve the innovation ability of enterprises by increasing their R&D investment, and the industry access system and tax preference can improve the innovation ability of enterprises by increasing their profits. This paper provides empirical evidence for the government to formulate policies to stimulate technological innovation in digital economy, and helps the government to formulate reasonable industrial policies to promote technological innovation in digital economy industries.