论伊丽莎白一世的外交政策

伊丽莎白一世是英国历史上著名的君主，她统治英国长达四十馀年。这期间既是英国社会经济、政治、文化、宗教、外交诸方面发生剧烈变化的时期．也是英国向近代化道路迈进的时期。她的外交政策不仅对英国社会而且对欧洲政治发展产生重大作用。十六世纪六十年代末以前，她利用西法矛盾．建立英西联盟关系，把西班牙作为英国主要的国际支柱，对抗法国，提高英国在国际政治中的地位。此后，随着英国资本主义工商业迅速发展，迫切需要扩大海外贸易，寻找新的市场，长期拥有海上霸权的西班牙又成为英国对外扩张的主要障碍，为此，伊丽莎白女王改变外交政策，转而同法国结盟对抗西班牙．开辟了英国外交的新时代。

The Foreign Poliey of Queen Elizabeth I

Queen Elizabeth I was a famous monarch who ruled the kingdom over forty years,in which period, remarkable social, economic, political, cultural, religious and diplomatic changes were noticeable and a modernization process underwent in big strides in the country. Her diplomatic poliey greatly affected not only English society,but also European political development. Before the sixties of the 16th century,she had established an alliance with Spain by making use of the contradictions between Spain and France and regarded Spain as the international mainstay of England to counteract France so as to consolidate her position in the international arena.Subsequently,with the rapid growth of her industry and commerce, England was eager to expand foreign trade and look for new markets abroad. Spain as a hegemonical power over the sea constituted the main obstacle to her expansion abroad.Thus,the queen changed her foreign policy and formed an alliance with France to counteract Spain and thus ushered in a new era of English diplomacy.