心理文化变量与跨文化交际策略

在跨文化交际中,为了达到最有效的交际效果,恰当的交际策略的选择具有至关重要的作用。心理文化的影响往往使交际双方在认知和情感上难以达成共识,容易导致跨文化交际的失败。本文以Gudykunst的心理文化对交际过程的影响和Tarone的交际策略为理论基础,解析文化定势、文化迁移、文化移情三个变量的内涵和互动性,从共时和层级的角度分析对跨文化交际策略的隐性影响。根据交际过程不确定性,作者提出了应采取的跨文化交际策略——语言顺应、语码转换、跨文化身份管理。

Psychocultural Variables and Intercultural Communication Strategies

Based on Gudykunst's psychocultural influences on the process of communication and Tarone's con-cept of communication strategy,this paper discusses connotation and interactions of cultural stereotypes,cul-tural transfer and cultural empathy,and analyzes their influences on intercultural communication strategies from the point of synchronic and diachronic levels.The authors put forward three intercultural communication strategies: language transfer,code-switching and dynamic intercultural identity,which depend on the variation of the communication process.