探索矿业行政合同制度的走向

矿山企业依行政特许对矿产开发、生态恢复、矿山安全等方面作出书面的承诺,应属矿业行政合同.矿业行政合同,是当事人不同方向意思表示的一致,是公共利益最优化和私人利益最大化的最大公约数,是市场和政府双向失灵时政府利用市场的政策工具,是政府的强制又充分利用了市场激励和相对人的认同,是促进政府转变职能并有利于依法行政和民主行政的杠杆.矿业行政合同的订立实行特许权、参与保留、担保和公众参与等制度,其履行须引入强制制度;司法救济则实行双向模式的主动选择原则,行政相对人主动提起则适用行政诉讼,行政主体提起则适用民事诉讼,这种"双向模式"弥补了混合模式和单一模式的不足.

Direction of Mining Administrative Contract System

In accordance with the administrative franchise,mining enterprises make written commitment for mineral development,ecological rehabilitation,and mine safety.The commitment is the administrative mining contract.Administrative mining contract is of the same meaning for the different parties;it is the common denominator of optimizing the public interest and maximizing private interest;it is the policy tool for the government to take advantage of the market.The administrative mining contract is the policy tool ...