海峡两岸汉语词汇的差异及其原因

台湾与大陆隔绝五十年,两岸在社会制度、经济模式及文化观念等各个方面都有不少差异,这些差异势必影响到语言。词汇是语言最活跃的因素,台湾与大陆不同的政治、经济、文化必然会在词汇中留下痕迹,在两岸语言差异的各个方面,词汇差异无疑是最突出的。两岸词汇差异的主要类型有同形异义、异形同义两大类,其中差异最大、最需要解决的是外来词。造成两岸词汇差异的原因主要是社会原因,包括语言政策的不同、社会生活的差别、特定区域文化的作用等。另外,外来词语的影响也是原因之一。

Causes of Differences in the Chinese Vocabulary Across Taiwan Straits

Due to the fifty years' isolation of Taiwan from its mainland China, there exist many differences across the Straits in the aspect of social system, economic mould and cultural concept, which have undoubtedly affected the Chinese language, for a language is always a very animated element. Therefore the traces of such differences as those of politics, economy and culture are found in the Chinese vocabulary, among which the differences in vocabulary are the most significant one, often falling into two major categories: homonymy and synonym. What is the most worthy of our study are its loan words, for they are the most disparate between the Straits. The causes of these differences mainly derive from social elements such as the differences in language policy, in social life style and in the uniqueness of an area. And besides these, the influence from the loan words can not be ignored either.