基于历史唯物主义视域的新质生产力:内涵、形成条件与有效路径

习近平总书记提出新质生产力这一概念,不仅对东北全面振兴具有重要指导意义,对我国实现经济高质量发展和中国式现代化也具有重大战略意义。新质生产力是由于生产力构成要素的质的不断提升而呈现出来的更为先进的生产力形式。新质生产力在本质上属于马克思主义的生产力范畴,具有实践性、全面性、发展性的性质。新质生产力外显于生产力的构成要素上,这些构成要素质量的提升即“劳动者”素质的持续提升、劳动资料的改进与广泛应用、劳动对象的不断扩张、科学技术的突飞猛进、管理水平的显著提升等,形成了孕育新质生产力的条件。依据新质生产力的形成条件,新质生产力的形成路径主要有:一是通过提升教育质量、培育世界一流企业、促进产业发展以培育高质量的“劳动者”;二是深入实施创新驱动发展战略以提升劳动资料及科学技术这两个要素的质量;三是建设超大规模的全国统一大市场以实现劳动对象的扩展;四是加强党的领导与培育企业家精神以实现企业管理的变革。

On new quality productivity from the perspective of historical materialism: Connotation, formation conditions and effective paths

General Secretary Xi Jinping put forward the concept of new quality productivity, which is not only of great guiding significance for the comprehensive revitalization of Northeast China, but also of great strategic significance for China to achieve high-quality economic development and Chinese path to modernization. New quality productivity is more advanced form of productivity due to the continuous improvement of the constituent elements of productivity. In essence, new quality productivity belongs to the category of Marxist productivity, with the nature of practicality, comprehensiveness and development. New quality productivity is manifested in the constituent elements of productivity, and the improvement of the quality of these constituent elements includes the continuous improvement of the quality of labors, the improvement and widespread application of means of production, the continuous expansion of objects of labor, the rapid advancement of science and technology, and the significant improvement of management, forming the conditions for nurturing new quality productivity. According to the formation conditions of new quality productivity, the main formation paths of new quality productivity are as follows: the first is by improving the quality of education, cultivating world-class enterprises, and promoting industrial development to cultivate high-quality labors; the second is to deeply implement innovation-driven strategy to improve the quality of means of production and science and technology; the third is to build a large-scale unified national market to realize the expansion of objects of labor; the fourth is to strengthen the leadership of the Party and cultivate the spirit of entrepreneurship in order to realize the reform of enterprise management.