现代思维、后现代思维对心理咨询的影响及其超越

现代思维和后现代思维对心理咨询理论、实践、研究和培训都有影响。在理论上 ,它们影响心理咨询的哲学基础、科学基础和咨询流派 ,主要表现为注重客观实证与主观建构的对立 ;在实践中 ,它们影响咨询师的职业自我概念、咨访关系、咨询行为和伦理 ,主要表现为主张冷静旁观与主动参与的矛盾 ;在研究方面 ,它们持不同范式 ,主要表现为采用量化研究与质化研究的冲突 ;在咨询师培训方面 ,它们有不同的模式 ,主要表现为关注程式化技巧培训与个性化经验培养的差异。两者之间的分歧十分明显 , 但不乏相通之处 ,对它们的超越需要辩证唯物主义指导下的整合。

The Impact of Modern and Postmodern Thinking on Psychological Counseling and Beyond

Modern thinking and postmodern thinking have had their impact on psychological counseling theory ,practice , research and training . In theory , they impact the philosophical and scientific foundation and counseling approaches of psychological counseling , mainly demonstrated in the conflict between objective positivism and subjective constructivism . In practice , they influence counselors'professional self-concept , counselor-client relationship , counseling behaviors and ethics , mainly showed in the contradiction between detached objective observation and active participation . In terms of research , they form different paradigms , mainly presented in the conflict between quantitative and qualitative methodologies . For counselor training , they provide different models , mainly exhibited in the opposition between focusing on procedural techniques and emphasizing individualized experience . Despite these discrepancies , they have some aspects in common . To go beyond modern and postmodern thinking requires integration under the guidance of dialectical materialism .