儒教宗教论的再讨论——中国宗教社会学的视角

“儒教是否为宗教”的几十年争论,焦点集中在儒教是否有一个至上神,是否存在以此为中心的宗教制度或组织。实际上,即制度即分散的社会存在形式,决定了中国儒教的关系主义宗教模式,进而摆脱了以至上神为核心的宗教定义方式,决定了儒教的宗教性表达形式,不像基督教那样,具有一神教排他性而予以制度化。因此,儒教既有对现实权力秩序的制度依赖,亦有个人信仰者的弥散型道德讲求。其大,可囊括天下;其小,能独善其身。这就建构了中国儒教的社会学意义。

The Re-discussion on Confucianism for Religion:From an Approach of Chinese Sociology of Religion

The dispute of these decades of "Confucianism for religion"have shows,focus its concentrate Confucianism on have first the highest god,there is a religion system taking this as the centre or organize.In fact,namely the system was a diffused form,determined the relationship religious mode of Chinese Confucianism,and has got beyond of the way of the highest god centered to define the religion,This determined the religion expression form of Confucianism,unlike Christianity,the exclusiveness with monotheism is given institutionalized.So,it has relied on to the secular power order,a diffused type of person's faith or morals are stressed also.It is big,can include the world;It is small, can be righteous alone in a community.This builds sociology meaning of constructing Chinese Confucianism.