论阿尔都塞对恩格斯历史唯物主义的批评

恩格斯晚年“论历史唯物主义的书信”对我们辩证地理解经济基础与上层建筑的关系是一份宝贵的遗产。阿尔都塞虽然赞同恩格斯的基本观点,然而他却不同意恩格斯对这个问题具体的理论解释和论证。阿尔都塞认为恩格斯把上层建筑各因素归于偶然性,把经济因素归于外在必然性,从而认为恩格斯没能确定两者的关系。这种非此即彼根本不是辩证法,也根本不是恩格斯的原意,这根源于阿尔都塞本人对偶然、必然关系的非辩证的理解。

On Althusser's Criticism about Historical Materialism of Engels

The letters on Historical Materialism in Engels' late years are a valuable legacy for our dialectical understanding of the connection between economic infrastructure and superstructure.Althusser agreed to the fundamental points of Engels,but he had different opinions about the concrete theoretical explanations and reasoning of this issue.In the appendix of Guarding Marx,he specially criticized Engels' letter to Brothels in September 1890.This thesis will analyses Engels' related arguments to evaluate Althusser's criticism.