产业集群的生态特征及其竞争策略研究

借助生态学的方法和理论,从对比产业集群与生物群落的相似性入手,对产业集群竞争行为进行深入的研究表明:在集群形成初期或集群规模较小时,群内企业表现出较强的扩散能力和较快的发展速度,不足之处在于可持续性较弱,后劲不足,且不能与环境发展相协调。集群形成规模后,则会表现出超强的竞争能力和由此带来的持续性发展。这一状态的形成需要较丰厚的积累和较大规模的资金投入,很难在短时间内加以仿效。因而集群在形成初期快速的扩散是发展重点,当具备一定规模和资金实力后,提高竞争力的内涵式的竞争策略则是实现持续性发展的必然选择。

Industrial Cluster: Its Ecological Features and Competitive Strategy

In order to study the competitive activity of the industrial cluster further and provide theoretical references to the development of cluster economy in China,the present study draws the support from the theory and methodology in ecology,to comparethe similiarities between the industrial cluster and the living creature's community.The study finds that when the industrial cluster sets up,the enterprises within the cluster grow very fast,but it does not have a sustainable development nor develop in the environment.When the industrial cluster grows stronger, it will have big competitive power and realize sustainable development.But it takes long time and huge money for the development.So,industrial cluster must develop very quickly at first and the competitive power will be the key to its sustainable development.