修辞理论与社会功能研究

20世纪中叶，修辞学走出了低谷并冲破了“劝说”的藩篱，成为一种把语言作为社会行为、把目的和阐释作为异议的决定性因素的新理论，一些重大的政治的、社会的、甚至自然科学的公共讨论的修辞意义已经得到了广泛的承认。修辞既是我们组织和使用语言的有效手段，又是我们解决社会问题的有力工具。由于修辞总是与社会处于一种共生的关系，因此，修辞不仅与个人行为休戚相关，而且与社会的发展和需求密不可分。现代修辞学不仅研究语言的修辞手段和方法，更要研究言语活动的过程和话语的整体，还要将研究成果应用于各个领域，发挥其更大的社会功能，乃至于在人类的交往中用于消除分歧，解决争端，促进共同的理解，最终达到人类社会的和谐。

A Study of Rhetoric and Its Social Functions

In mid-20th century,rhetoric broke free from the limitation of "persuasion",and has emerged as a new theory,which takes language as a social behavior,and takes purpose and interpretation as the decisive factors of dissent.The rhetorical meanings of some significant political,social and even scientific discussion have been widely acknowledged.Rhetoric is not only an effective means to organize and use language,but also one of the powerful tools to solve social problems.Rhetoric is always in a symbiotic relationship with society;therefore,rhetoric is not only closely related to individual behaviors,but also inseparable from the development and demands of society.Modern rhetoric deals not only with the rhetorical means and methods of language,but also the process of verbal activities and the entirety of discourse.Furthermore,all the research results in rhetoric will be applied to different fields to increase its social functions so as to bridge differences,settle disputes,deepen mutual understandings and realize the ultimate harmony of the human society.