"两棵树"意象的置换变形--《致橡树》原型寻踪

《致橡树》隐含着"两棵树"的原型意象结构。这一意象结构在中国生成于《诗经》、《孔雀东南飞》与《韩凭妻》等文本中,在西方出现于《圣经》以及斯宾塞、布莱克等人的诗歌中,象征了男女之间的性爱并含有"死亡———复活"意蕴;现代作家沈尹默的《月夜》与鲁迅的《秋夜》则赋予其个性独立的观念。舒婷在《致橡树》中最终完成了这一意象结构的置换变形:在意象构成上,用"木棉"与"橡树"置换原来较为模糊的"两棵树",使意象更为具体而富有张力;在象征蕴涵上,舍弃了原有的"死亡———复活"蕴涵,进而综合了中西文本中的爱情蕴涵与中国现代文本中的个性独立观念,并赋予其鲜明的女性意识。

The Replacement and Transfiguration of the"Two Trees":--An Exploration to the Archetype of "To the Oak Trees"

The archetypal image structure of the "two trees" contained in "To the Oak Trees",is originally generated in the Chinese texts of The Book of Songs, The Peacock's Flying to the Southeast, as well as Hanping's Wife etc., whilst in western literature, it occurrs in The Bible and in the poetry of Spencer, Black and the like, symbolizing sexual love with the implication of "death--resurrection".Contemporary writers as Shen Yimo and Lu Xun have endowed the image with the idea of independence of individuality in their "The Moonlight"and"The Autumn Night"respectively. However, it is Shu Ting who contributes to the completion of the replacement and transfiguration of the image in the foregoing poem in terms of transforming archetypal image of the "two trees" into the "kapok tree" while the "oak trees", embodying the image with more tension; and in terms of discarding the previous entailment of "death-resurrection" by further synthesizing the love and individual independence both in Chinese and western text, endowing it with a vivid feministic consciousness.