动态视角下中国城市群土地利用TFP测度及影响因素研究

提高城市群土地利用TFP对合理高效利用土地资源,协调好城市群经济发展、资源配置和环境保护具有重大理论和实践意义.文章运用DEA-Malmquist指数对2003—2016年动态视角下中国城市群土地利用TFP进行测度和时空演变分析,并利用Tobit回归模型对影响城市群土地利用TFP变化的因素进行深入研究.结果表明:从时间维度看,城市群土地利用TFP年均上升0.7％,城市群土地利用TFP增长由技术效率和技术进步"双核驱动",技术效率的提升主要与纯技术效率提升有关,规模效率是技术效率和土地利用TFP提升的瓶颈约束;从空间维度看,晋中、哈长、海峡西岸、中原、长江中游、北部湾、成渝、黔中、关中平原和兰西城市群土地利用TFP呈下降趋势,其余城市群土地利用TFP均呈上升趋势,且京津冀、呼包鄂榆、辽中南、长江三角洲、山东半岛和天山北坡城市群土地利用TFP增长为技术进步和技术效率"双核驱动";从影响因素看,人均GDP和年末金融机构人民币各项贷款余额对中国城市群土地利用TFP具有正向促进作用,城市财政支出占本市GDP的比重和人口密度具有负向阻碍作用.

Research on the measurement and influencing factors for TFP of land utilization in Chinese urban agglomerations from dynamic perspective

It is of great theoretical and practical significance to improve the TFP of land utilization for rational and efficient use of land resources and to coordinate the development of economic development, resource allocation and environmental protection of urban agglomerations. The use of DEA-Malmquist index is to measure the dynamic TFP of land utilization of Chinese urban agglomerations from 2003 to 2016. The Tobit regression model is used to study the factors affecting the dynamic changes of TFP of urban agglomeration land utilization. The results show that:from the time dimension, increasing by an annual rate of 0.7% TFP of urban agglomeration land utilization, the TFP growth of urban agglomeration land utilization is based on technical efficiency and technological progress "dual-core drive", the improvement of technical efficiency is mainly related to the improvement of pure technology efficiency, and scale efficiency is the bottlenecks for the improvement of technical efficiency and TFP of land utilization; From the spatial dimension, the TFP of land utilization in Jinzhong, Hachang, the West Coast of the Straits, the Central Plains, the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, the Beibu Gulf, Chengyu, Qianzhong, Guanzhong Plain and Lanxi agglomerations is decreasing, the TFP of the other urban agglomerations is on the rise, and the TFP of land utilization in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Hubaoeyu, Liaozhongnan, Yangtze River Delta, Shandong Peninsula and the northern slopes of the Tianshan Mountains has become a "dual-core drive" of technological advancement and technical efficiency; As for the influence factors, GDP per capita and the balance of RMB loans of financial institutions at the end of the year have a positive effect on the TFP of land utilization of Chinese urban agglomerations, the proportion of urban fiscal expenditure to the city''s GDP and population density has a negative impediment.