试析科学、技术与社会(STS)三者关系的历史演进

通过对科学、技术与社会之间的相互关系及其演变路径的考察,分析了科学和技术各自不同的历史形态,认为科学、技术与社会的关系分别经历了技术主要影响社会的阶段、技术与社会互动的阶段、科学技术与社会双向互动的阶段以及三者关系进一步深化的阶段;认为科学、技术与社会的关系是一个逐渐演进的历史过程;并提出在现代社会中只有将人和自然这两个因素纳入科学、技术与社会的关系当中来进行思考和综合分析,才能深入理解三者间的关系及其本质。

On the Historical Evolution of Interrelation Among Science, Technology and Society (STS)

Reviewing the interrelation among science,technology and society and its evolutionary path and analyzing the different historically developmental forms of science and technology,it is deemed that the interrelation has experienced three different historical phases,i.e.,the society was mainly affected by technology;the society was interacted with technology;the society was interacted with not only technology but also science in addition to the interrelation between science and technology.And the interrelation among the three roles is now in a deepening phase.So,the interrelation is in fact a historically evolving process.Furthermore,it is emphasized that in the present-day society the interrelation among the three roles and its essence cannot be understood in depth until the two key factors,i.e.,human beings and the nature,are incorporated into the interrelation.Such a way will be more profound for thinking and more comprehensive for analysis.