从卢梭政治思想看现代西方的民主幻象——对政治现代性的一个批判

西方现代政治中的民主原则是在卢梭的思想中确立起来的。然而，由于私人利益与共同利益相互对立，从而个别意志与公共意志相互对立，卢梭的政治共同体是虚幻的，其公意是抽象的，政府和主权者之间是矛盾的，这反而证明了人民主权的不可能性。西方现代政治中的民主不过是一种政治幻象。法律不是主权者的共同意志，而是特殊意志的法律化。由于政府是具有自己的固有意志的独立实体，官员也追求自己的特殊利益，人民主权成为了抽象的权力并几乎被化为乌有。

Rousseau and the Illusion of Democracy in Modem Western Politics

The principle of modern western politics was established as well as proved by Rousseau. Because the personal interest is opposite to the common one, Rousseau＇s political community is unreal, his public will is abstract, and there is contradiction between the political community and the government. The sovereights of peopple is something impossible, and the democracy in modern wetern politics is illusion of politics. The law is not from the public will but from particular one. The sovereights ofpeopple is not real because of the officials who seek their personal interest.