当代西方文学理论与文学阅读的情感回归

20世纪末,文学研究在西方学术体制中被逐渐边缘化,哈罗德.布鲁姆、希利斯.米勒等美国学者也悲观地认为文学已经走向灭亡,而文学理论正是导致文学式微的罪魁祸首。事实上,当代批评理论的问题在于远离普通读者,热衷于艰深抽象的术语概念,对文学进行对象化,忽视文学阅读的情感体验,是对文学本质的忽视。而与此同时,无论是形式主义批评家什克洛夫斯基,日内瓦学派代表人物乔治.布莱还是读者反应理论批评家大卫.布莱希,甚至是萨义德,都强调文学文本的独特性,文学阅读经验的重要性,以及文学批评的主体性。近年来,美国教育界也在文学教育中尝试对阅读体验与情感的重视;尽管困难重重,但至少让我们看到了一种新的方向。

Contemporary Western Literary Theory and the Return of Emotions in Literary Reading

At the turn of the century,seeing the marginalization of literature in Western academia,scholars like Harold Bloom and Hillis Miller address sadly the doom of literature,which is a result of critical theory of the 20th century. Far away from the ordinary readers and obsessed with jargons,contemporary literary criticism tends to objectify literature and undermine the reading experience,demonstrating an ignorance of the essence of literature.However,Russian formalist Viktor Shklovsky,Geneva School critic Geor...